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The Differential Role of Alcohol Expectancies and Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy in Problem and Nonproblem Drinkers
Tian P.S. Oei, Sandra Fergusson, Nicole K. Lee
Objective: The present study aimed to examine the discriminatory ability of alcohol expectancies and drinking refusal self-efficacy and to identify the differential role of these constructs in social and problem drinkers. Method: Drinkers (N = 276) were self-selected from general (n = 185) and clinical (n = 91) populations to complete a 40-minute questionnaire that asked about alcohol expectancies, drinking refusal self-efficacy, consumption, degree of dependence and demographics. Results: The results showed that in social drinkers both the expectancy and self-efficacy constructs were reliably able to discriminate between types of drinker. Expectancy was related to consumption in social drinkers, but did not appear to account for a significant proportion of the variance in problem drinkers. Conclusions: The findings are discussed in terms of a two-process model of drinking behavior that suggests that expectancies operate differently in social and problem drinkers. (J. Stud. Alcohol 59: 704-711, 1998)
